Lesson Outline

Dysphagia means trouble swallowing and affects up to 93% of people living with dementia. 

Common signs include:
  • Wet or gurgly-sounding voice immediately after swallowing
  • Needing extra time to chew or swallow
  • Coughing, throat clearing, or choking during or after swallowing
  • The need for smaller bites or sips
Swallowing problems can lead to serious health and emotional challenges. When food or liquid goes down the wrong way (aspiration), it can cause choking or even lung infections like pneumonia. Sometimes, food or drink stays in the throat after swallowing, which can also increase risk.

Over time, swallowing difficulties may lead to eating less, dehydration, malnutrition, muscle loss, and unhealthy weight loss—making a person weaker and more vulnerable to illness.

It’s not just physical. Dysphagia can make mealtimes stressful, causing fear, frustration, anxiety, and even social isolation. Some people feel pain when swallowing, turning eating into an unpleasant experience.

Speech-language pathologists can assess and treat dysphagia by developing strategies to make swallowing easier and safer. Occupational therapists and dietitians can support eating independently and ensure adequate nutrition.

Learn the answers to the following questions:

What is dysphagia, and what are its common signs?

What are the potential consequences?

Who can help manage dysphagia?

What are practical strategies for safer eating at home?

What resources are available for caregivers?